Optical vector analysis has emerged as a critical tool for characterising optical devices, enabling simultaneous measurement of amplitude and phase responses over wide bandwidths. This technique is ...

Power-density improvements are an increasingly elusive goal as designers exhaust the easiest or most obvious solutions. One direction that’s now being explored more thoroughly is advanced modulation ...

Over the past decades, engineers have introduced numerous technologies that rely on light and its underlying characteristics.

Signal generators play a vital role in electrical test and measurement. They generate the test signals that are applied to components such as filters and amplifiers, or even to entire modules, in ...